Thermostatic mixer: how does it work and why do you need it?

It is difficult to adjust with a classic mixer, and most importantly maintain the required water temperature. A mixer with a thermostat can successfully cope with this task. Now you don’t have to worry about getting burned due to a sudden surge in pressure in the pipes or opening a second tap in the kitchen. The set temperature will be maintained with high accuracy by a mixer with a thermostat (thermostatic mixer).

Why do you need a mixer with a thermostat?

You have to use hot water every day, and just as often there is a need to regulate the temperature and pressure of the water. A mixer with a special device solves two problems at once: once you have set the parameters, you don’t have to return to this issue again - water will be supplied from the tap at the specified degrees.

The water pressure in our taps “fails”, it can be weak or too strong, a thermostatic device successfully solves this problem. Turning and locking the thermostat lever will eliminate the need to test drive the current state of water pressure in the pipes every time. As a result, the user receives a new level of quality of life and saves energy resources both in a global sense and in terms of reducing the cost of housing and communal services.

What is a thermostat

The thermostatic mixer device consists of several components:

• Temperature limiter. Triggers when water is supplied at a temperature higher than comfortable.
• Temperature scale. Records indicators.
• Thermal regulator. With its help, the balance of hot and cold flow is adjusted to produce water at a given temperature.
• Water supply pressure regulator.

Thermostatic mixer for showers and any other water supply device has a main element - a thermostat. It is a limiter consisting of one copper and one paraffin rod.

How does it work

The operating principle of a thermostatic shower mixer is based on regulating the pressure of cold and hot water. There is a thermocouple located in the body of the device, the task of which is to monitor the temperature of the supplied water.

As soon as the temperature exceeds the recorded value, the supply of cold water increases. As the temperature decreases, the pressure of hot water increases. The recognition process takes a fraction of a second, so the changes are invisible. When the pressure in the water supply system (hot/cold) fluctuates, the pressure of the stream from the mixer will change. The lack of hot or cold water in the pipes leads to the blocking of the flow from the tap.

Thermostatic mixer operating principle

The main goal pursued by the developers of the thermostat mixer was to obtain a stable and constant temperature at the mixer outlet, regardless of the water pressure in the pipeline.

The result exceeded all expectations - the mixer not only copes with the task perfectly, but also has convenient controls and a beautiful appearance, which is important for the modern user.

Moreover, in addition to the above advantages, one can also highlight the simple principle of operation of a thermostatic mixer - a simple design ensures a long service life and inexpensive repairs.

How does this modern miracle of plumbing work? In principle, it is quite simple, and its whole secret lies in a special valve, which, reacting to changes in the water flow in one pipeline, simultaneously changes it in another - it does this according to the specified operating modes.

Let's just say that if the pressure of hot water in the pipeline decreases sharply, then the reaction of the thermal valve will be expressed in a decrease in the amount of cold water supplied to the mixing chamber. There are two types of such devices - the work of the first is based solely on mechanics, and the work of the second is based on the interaction of mechanics and modern electronics.

Now coming to the question, how to use an automatic thermostatic mixer? As mentioned above, it works quite simply and visually is practically no different from its ordinary relative - the same pair of handles, body and spout.

The difference between them is that one of these handles is a temperature regulator (divisions with degrees are marked on it), and the second is responsible for water pressure. Once you have set the desired comfortable water temperature, all you need to do next is open and close the tap.

To eliminate the consequences of the curiosity of the younger generation, the temperature switch is additionally equipped with a fuse that works exclusively to increase the temperature.

How to use

Thermostatic mixer, from the most primitive to the most technologically advanced, has two regulators, one is responsible for the water pressure, the second for the temperature. In mass production, thermal mixers with two levers are more common. The design of the product is very different - from traditional valves to buttons, the most “advanced” ones are equipped with touch sensors and a liquid crystal display, which displays temperature and water pressure indicators.

It is recommended to start setting up a thermostatic shower mixer by fixing the water temperature, and then adjust the pressure. It doesn’t matter at all when the indicators are set: before turning on the water or during water procedures. By fixing the numbers in advance, you can count on comfort without distractions and savings at the start.

Types of shower faucets with thermostat by type of control

Thermostatic mixers, depending on the control method, can be mechanical, electronic or sensory. The first version of the three-way mixing valve has a simple design that is affordable.

The water temperature is controlled using valves or levers. They ensure that the valve moves inside the housing depending on changes in temperature. It moves towards the pipe in which greater pressure is created, reducing it. The water temperature remains the same. Such a faucet with a thermostat has two regulators - temperature and pressure. The first is located on the right, and the second on the left.

An electronic mixer with a thermostat has a more complex design and higher cost. To ensure its functionality, you must connect the device to an outlet. There are stand-alone models that run on batteries. The faucet with thermostat is controlled using buttons, a touch panel or a remote control. Electronic sensors monitor all water indicators, the numerical values ​​of which are displayed on the screen. This version of the mixer is comfortable, multifunctional and attractive.

Thermostatic mixers can be mechanical, electronic or sensory

Among the newfangled technologies is a contactless device, which, thanks to a sensitive infrared sensor, responds to a light touch. It is enough to bring your hand to the body and water at a given temperature will flow from the tap.

Despite its ease of use, the touch mixer has significant drawbacks. In order to fill the container with water, you must keep your hand within the sensor’s coverage area the entire time. It is possible to quickly change the water temperature using thermostatic kitchen faucets, which are equipped with a single-lever mechanical regulator. Expensive options turn out to be impractical for regularly changing water temperature. In addition, there is no way to control the period of water supply, which is a significant drawback in terms of saving resources.

Helpful advice! It is advisable to install sensor faucets with a thermostat in the kitchen: this allows you to turn on the water without smearing the tap with dirty hands, which creates convenience during the cooking process.

In a thermostatic mixer, the water temperature is controlled using levers

Advantages and disadvantages

A mixer with control of temperature and water pressure, like any device, has pros and cons.

Advantages:

• Consistency of supply water temperature. Changes in water pressure (hot/cold) are not felt.
• Blocking the flow in an emergency. The complete absence of cold water serves as a signal to cut off the hot flow; there is no risk of getting burned.
• Economical. There is no waste of resources for setting temperature and pressure.

Flaws:

• High price.
• Difficulties with maintenance and repair. Not in every city you can find a manufacturer’s service center to carry out preventive maintenance or repairs within the warranty period.

Types by purpose

In the desire to please the consumer as much as possible, companies create devices that provide comfort in every place where the use of water is required. Common types of faucets with thermostat:

• Thermostatic shower mixer. A characteristic feature is the absence of a spout for pouring water.
• Mixer with thermal device for shower cabin. There is also no place for water outflow; it is built into the communication system using connecting pipes.
• Thermostatic bath mixer. They are produced in two types - wall-mounted and built into the side of the bathtub. Their shape resembles an elongated cylinder with regulators at the ends. This type of thermostatic faucet has a standard spout. Most often, it regulates the water supply both directly when filling the bathtub and for shower procedures. The type of use is changed using a regular switch.
• For the sink. It has a vertical configuration, a spout for water, a lever/valve for opening. Installation can be carried out on the wall or directly on the sink.

There are specialized devices for bidets, hygienic showers, and kitchen sinks, but the principle of operation is the same for all.

Sink and kitchen faucets

Such mixers are not so common, since the need for them is small. These are often models of an open mounting system that are installed directly on the sink and have one lever for turning on the water and a spout.

Models for the kitchen differ in design and specific spout - a more curved gooseneck, but the principle of their operation is no different.

Thermostatic basin mixer

A bathroom faucet with a thermostat has a lot of advantages and is becoming one of the necessary plumbing devices in modern homes, but its installation and installation require certain skills, a special space in the bathroom and excellent knowledge of the principles of the plumbing system and the mechanism itself.

Models

Thermal mixers are available in mechanical and electronic versions. In the mechanical model, the device is adjusted using valves or levers. For domestic communications, this type of mixer is more reliable, since supply failures, pressure surges in pipes and uneven heating of water are common phenomena. The design of the device is varied and comes in different styles: from vintage models to minimalist.

Electronic models are more sensitive to adverse conditions, but are more informative. The data is displayed on a small screen; it is possible to set several operating programs, for example, a separate mode for each family member or turning on the water supply at a certain time. Some models are even able to conduct water analysis. Operation depends on a battery or direct connection to the electrical network. The problem with the electronic thermal mixer, in addition to its cost, is the difficulty in professional maintenance and the availability of service centers.

Types of thermostatic mixers

Today, the range of devices that supply comfortable water for bathing is regularly increasing. Manufacturers are ready to offer faucets with thermostats for bathtubs, showers, sinks, and bidets. However, the models differ in the method of fastening. For example, there are devices for visible and hidden installation.

In general, devices are divided into two groups: mechanical and electronic. This factor must be taken into account when choosing. After all, representatives of each of these two groups have both advantages and disadvantages.

Devices with mechanical adjustment

The simplest and, accordingly, cheapest is the mechanical model. This mixer is equipped with valves, levers and handles that allow you to regulate the strength of the water flow and its temperature.

Devices with mechanical adjustment are much more reliable and durable. At the same time, they work faster, since the temperature is switched manually. As for the price, the cost starts from $60.

The disadvantage of mechanical thermostatic mixers is the peculiarity of manual setting of parameters. But if you need the most simple and inexpensive plumbing equipment, then this minus plays absolutely no role.

The design of mechanical equipment is usually minimalistic and does not contain any unnecessary parts, which makes it easy to operate

Electronic thermostatic mixers

If the house is being furnished in modern style, then it is better to give preference to electronic equipment. In most cases, such faucets have a laconic and elegant appearance that will harmoniously fit into any interior.

In addition, electronic models are equipped with a screen based on liquid crystals, which shows the current water temperature, as well as the pressure force.

Such mixers are controlled using mechanical or touch buttons. There are also contactless devices on the market that operate using infrared sensors. They are often controlled using a special remote control.

If we talk about the advantages of electronic thermostatic mixers, then the advantages include:

• comfort - they allow you to indicate the water temperature with an accuracy of up to 1°C;
• attractiveness - electronic models look modern;
• multifunctionality - they can display many additional parameters.

But it should be taken into account that electronic equipment will cost several times more than mechanical equipment. Moreover, due to the complexity of the design, it is quite difficult to install such mixers correctly. And in the event of a breakdown, you will have to call a qualified specialist, which will also hit the family budget.

The electronic thermostatic mixer requires a power supply. Batteries or an AC adapter can be used for this.

Installation features

Thermostatic shower or bath mixer is more popular than devices designed for the kitchen. For installation in a bathroom, the following basic conditions must be met:

• The thermostat has strictly defined hot and cold water entry points, which are marked according to European standards. Incorrect connection will lead to malfunctions and ultimately failure.
• When installing on a water supply system from the times of the USSR, it should be taken into account that cold water is on the left, and hot water is supplied on the right; in EU countries it is the other way around. Therefore, before installing a thermostatic shower or bath mixer, it is necessary to reinstall the water distribution system. This rule does not apply to vertical thermostats; in this case, it is enough to swap the flexible hoses.

It is also a good idea to install filters at the water entry points into the apartment before installing the equipment. This will help keep the device intact longer and ensure health for all family members.

Shower thermostat: operating principle, advantages

How sometimes you want to take a refreshing and invigorating shower after a hard day at work or just on a hot day. And if the thought of this evokes only positive emotions, then sudden changes in temperature during the process itself can change not only your mood, but also harm the body. After all, if cold water only invigorates, then boiling water pouring from the tap is very dangerous for our health.

An excellent solution to avoid such and similar cases is a thermostat. It also saves residents of the upper floors in multi-story buildings from weak jet pressure. Therefore, a thermostat is a useful device designed for comfortable water procedures, which has earned approval and positive reviews from shower lovers and residents of high-rise buildings.

Before you decide to purchase a thermostat, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the features and purpose of this device.

How does a thermostat work and its purpose?

A thermostat is a device built into the faucet or installed on top, its purpose is to automatically maintain the specified temperature and jet power. The device operates by receiving information about water temperature and pressure. At the slightest change in these parameters, the controller detects an error and returns the previously set parameters. That is, if the water temperature or its power changes in the system, then it will not be noticeable to us, because the thermostat is working.

Principle of operation

The user can set a comfortable temperature due to the fact that the device has a temperature scale and is equipped with two gearboxes. The device records the set temperature and subsequently stores it. When taking a shower, you just need to select the desired mode and water at a comfortable temperature will flow from the tap, because the thermostat has automatically reproduced the previously selected settings.

Structure

The thermostat operates thanks to the presence of a valve that controls the change in jet pressure in one pipe and simultaneously changes the pressure in the other. If the pressure power in the pipe that supplies hot water decreases, the volume of cold water will automatically decrease by the valve.

The main element of the system, which reacts to temperature changes (even the slightest) - a thermostatic cartridge (cartridge), is placed in the valve body. This hypersensitivity is provided by special materials that expand during temperature changes. It is from them that the part is made. A biometric plate is often used.

It is this material that ensures a quick response to changes in the temperature of the water flow, which is completely imperceptible to users. The inside of the cartridge is filled with wax. And the temperature regime is restored due to the fact that the cartridge and the adjustment screw are connected.

If the water temperature rises above 80°C, the flow is automatically blocked. This is due to a fuse that is built into the cartridge. Such situations happen when there is an emergency shutdown of cold water. Therefore, the fuse will save you from dangerous injuries and burns. A comfortable supply of water flow will be ensured by the existing pressure regulator.

Mechanical thermostats are equipped with a control knob that has a temperature lock button. This structure ensures complete safety for the user. The temperature is automatically set to 38°C. If you need to change the temperature mode, you need to use the blocker button, which will reset the current settings and set new ones.

Advantages and disadvantages of thermostatic systems

A mixer with a thermostat has a significant advantage - it maintains and reproduces the set temperature and pressure, and with the slightest change, water is automatically added to restore the set settings.

In addition to this main advantage, the thermostat also has others: • convenient operation - you just need to select a comfortable temperature mode and in the future the device itself automatically reproduces the set parameters and changes the water temperature; • safe use - the device reduces to zero accidents of burns or injuries due to sudden temperature changes. Therefore, having a thermostat is simply necessary for families with small children, people with disabilities and the elderly. After all, they do not always have the ability to quickly respond to sudden temperature changes. Due to their high safety, thermostats are often used in hospitals, orphanages, and pensions for the elderly; • savings - such devices significantly reduce water costs, because there is no need to drain the water until a stream of comfortable temperature flows; • simple installation and operation – you can install and adjust the system yourself by reading the instructions in detail; • duration of use.

In addition to the large presence of advantages, there are also small disadvantages: • Limited use - this disadvantage is present in some models, and consists in the impossibility of using water if one of the water supply systems is turned off. That is, the valve shuts off the water supply if there is no water in one of the pipes. But most models are equipped with a special switch that opens the valve in the pipe containing the water flow and makes it available for use. • High cost - such systems have a fairly high price, but this is justified by ease of operation and reduction in water costs. • Poor maintainability – if the system breaks down, it is very difficult to find a specialist (service center) who can fix the problem.

Types of thermostatic devices

Plumbing manufacturers offer a huge selection of this group of products. But thermostats differ depending on the features of their structure and operation.

Depending on where such devices are used , a distinction is made between universal (designed for all types of plumbing) and specialized (used only for showers, kitchen faucets, bidets), for example: • a special thermostat for a shower that does not have a spout; • thermostatic mixers equipped with shower head, diverter and drain. They come in various shapes, but the most common are tubular systems with a switch at the end; • thermostatic system used in shower cabins. There is no drain and watering can, and tubes are connected to the core; • special thermostats for showers with hydromassage, jacuzzi, which have the ability to produce constant powerful pressure.

According to the structural features of the structure, the following are distinguished:

1) thermostats that have external mounting (which are attached to plumbing fixtures, for example, to a faucet);

2) systems with hidden fastening (for example, they are mounted in the base of a shower stand, or in a box that is installed on the side, then only the control panel will be accessible).

Based on their operating features, thermostats are divided into:

1. Mechanical. They are attached to the control system (handles, levers, valves). Such systems are configured manually, that is, to set a comfortable mode, you need to turn the valves. But such thermostats act faster when temperature and pressure changes. They are more reliable and durable. 2. Electronic. The device is configured using buttons or a touch panel, on which all indicators are displayed. New contactless devices have also appeared, which are controlled using a remote control, because they are equipped with infrared sensors. Their advantage is more comfortable use and the ability to set a more accurate temperature, but installation requires effort.

Which popular models should you prefer?

When choosing a thermostatic system, you should pay attention to models from more well-known brands. With them you will be confident in the quality and durability of the product. For example, the German one, which has a large collection of different good quality models, received positive reviews.

All existing models by design can be divided into the following types: • Cosmopolitan - modern models that are distinguished from others by minimalism, but at the same time they are more functional; • Contemporary – also modern systems, but they are distinguished by laconicism and strict elegance of form; • Authentic – thermostatic systems that are distinguished by retro style. The set includes a shower with built-in hydromassage options.

Such models have a wide price range. There are both low-cost products available to everyone, and very high-cost ones.

Users prefer products from the brands Oras, Grohe and Hansgrohe, which produce only proven products. The prices for their devices are average, and the quality is high. An additionally installed water filter will continue to operate.

Separately, it should be noted the Grohtherm thermostat, manufactured by Grohe. It is wall mounted. Equipped with a water saving system and a ceramic valve. When the flow temperature rises above 38°C, the safety system is activated. This device has a long service life thanks to the ceramic valve and filters. It has a short spout and a hole for connecting a shower hose. Additional safety is provided by reverse current protection functions.

Recommendations for selection

The following tips will help you purchase a quality product that will not make you regret your purchase: • When choosing a thermostat, remember that only an original product from the manufacturer can fully guarantee quality, safety and long-term operation. Therefore, it is recommended to make purchases in specialized stores. • The type of installation depends on the characteristics of the water supply system and should be clarified in advance. • The material from which the valve seat is made deserves special attention. Graphite-coated ceramics are more reliable than others, but you should be very careful with it, because it is very fragile. Cheap analogues are leather and rubber, but they are subject to rapid wear. • It is also additionally recommended to purchase a deep cleaning filter for the pressure line. It will extend the life of the thermostat. • The presence of a safety button is mandatory for families with small children. It is she who is responsible for preventing unintentional changes in the temperature of the jet. Usually this button is red. • When choosing between an electronic and mechanical device, take into account that mechanical ones are more reliable, while electronic ones are more convenient and have additional functions.

How to install the device correctly?

If you decide to install a thermostatic system yourself, then you need to read the instructions in detail and remember the existing rules.

Cold and hot water hoses should only be connected to the required pipes. The thermostat has special marks for such cases. If the connection is incorrect, the device will soon break down.

It is impossible to install a modern thermostat on old Soviet water pipelines. Because in Soviet times cold water was discharged from the left side, and in European countries - from the right. That is, in order to install the device on an old plumbing system, it is necessary to change the plumbing, because modern devices are designed to meet the European standard. But if you opt for a wall-mounted horizontal thermostat, you will only need to replace the hoses. Installed thermostats are not suitable in this case. Therefore, it is advisable to choose plumbing fixtures and a thermostat of the same brand.

To prevent contamination of the system, it is recommended to install a filter. Built-in gearboxes can cope with hydraulic shocks (pressure drops) and breakdowns in the operation of the thermostat. They are attached to the water supply point and adjusted taking into account the thermostat readings.

Thermostats from Grohe

The German brand is one of the leaders in the production of high-quality thermostats. Grohe mixers have a number of advantages that make the company a leader in customer preferences:

• High-quality and reliable technology.
• Modern design.
• Compact sizes.
• Resistance of the coating to mechanical damage.
• Durability in use.
• Smooth operation.
• Saving water consumption up to 50% due to EcoButton technology.
• Equipped with TurboStat technology, which allows you to quickly respond to the slightest temperature fluctuation.

Grohe thermostatic mixers are leaders in popularity among the target audience and have a warranty period of 5 years, which indicates the manufacturer’s confidence in the quality of the device.

Other manufacturers

The FAR thermostatic mixer has a laconic appearance in comparison with the design finds of other manufacturers, but in terms of characteristics it will give a head start to many. Thermal mixers from this manufacturer are more familiar to professionals, since the company produces plumbing fixtures, devices for heating systems, etc.

Mixers with a TERMO-FAR thermostat are connected to the system at two entry points of hot and cold water, and a mixed flow is supplied to the pipe at the outlet. The thermostatic sensor is located in the sphere of influence of two water flows and is built into a housing equipped with two valves; it mechanically changes the ratio of cold and hot water supply. The temperature control range is adjustable from 25°C to 65°C, while the maximum water temperature can reach 95°C. According to consumer reviews, it is one of the most reliable and easy-to-repair devices.

The thermostatic shower mixer Armatura is produced by the Polish factory KFA. The device is in demand in our open spaces, has an affordable price and is easy to install. It has a sufficient margin of safety and retains its attractive appearance for a long time.

Positive characteristics

1. Protection . The most important thing is that such faucets are convenient to install in apartments where elderly people or children live. Also, if there is a difference in pressure and temperature differences, then a mixer with a thermostat will come to the rescue.
2. Economical sample . Due to the coordinated operation of the thermostat, excess hot water consumption is not allowed. Especially if your apartment has a meter. As a result, water will be saved. If you are not very versed in how to make the right settings, then simply select the economy mode. This will help save water consumption.
3. Safety . Thanks to the control of temperature and pressure differences, you will not get burned.
4. Comfort. The response of the mixer with a thermostat is so high that it reacts to changes within 2 seconds. As a result, you will not feel any changes on yourself.

These mixers have only one drawback: high price. But if you think about the advantages that come from it, then even the high price will not become a stumbling block in the purchase.

Reviews

Many buyers left their opinions about such a device as a thermostatic mixer. Reviews talk about the advantages of using it, highlighting the comfort of constant temperature and pressure, which could not be achieved with an ordinary mixer. Those who have children growing up in their families talk about safety: a child can often open and close taps, which can lead to either scalding or hypothermia. By purchasing a thermostat with an additional protection function, you can be sure that a child’s hand will not turn the temperature control knob to a critical state. For some buyers, this opportunity turned out to be an advantage in the purchase and was fully justified.

Negative reviews were expressed towards individual manufacturers, whose products were short-lived and quickly failed. There were also difficulties connecting Western equipment with domestic pipes and water. Filters built into water supply systems quickly became clogged, and the faucets themselves required additional fittings for installation.

Many noted difficulties with repairing thermostats, and often the unavailability of service. Most negative reviews boil down to the opinion that it is worth purchasing such equipment from manufacturers with an established reputation and extensive experience in the production of such devices.

Device Features

Advantages

This device has many positive aspects:

• Completely eliminates temperature rise to a critical level . The same applies to its reduction. Thanks to this, taking water procedures becomes safe and comfortable.
• The surface of the mixer does not heat up to a high temperature , so touching it will not cause you a burn.
• The maximum flow temperature does not exceed 43 degrees.
• If the flow of cold water stops, the flow is completely blocked.

In addition, it should be noted that a thermostat is much easier and more convenient to use than a conventional mixer.

Water softener

Flaws

There are perhaps only two disadvantages to this device:

• Higher price than conventional faucets. True, we can say that the high cost is completely justified.
• Sensitivity to water quality. Therefore, it is recommended to install water softeners and filters in front of the mixer. Otherwise, the device will quickly fail.

Otherwise, the device has no shortcomings.

Shower panel with thermostat